Winter sports athletes are often exposed to cold environment and they inhale a large amount of relatively cold and dry air which will trigger airway physiology changes and efficiently induce respiratory diseases,including upper respiratory tract infection (URTI),exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB),upper airway cough syndrome (UACS),and exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO).These disorders can affect health,athletic abilities,and performance of athletes.This paper summarizes the sports-related respiratory diseases under the exposure to cold environment,such as URTI,EIB,UACS,and EILO.It discusses the prevention and treatment measures based on the unique requirements of athletes' medication,to provide a reference for athletes' preparation strategies and the medical practice of medical personnel.
